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クレーンにより生コンバケットが荷振れし落下

発生状況

この災害は、ガラス繊維強化セメント 板製造工場において、モルタルが入った生コンク リー卜バケットを床上操作式クレーンで運搬中、生コンバケットがフックから外れて落下し、クレー ン運転者に当たり運転者が死亡したものである。
作業は、ミキサーからホッパ一、ホッパ一から 生コンバケットに入れたモルタルを床上操作式ク レーン(つり上げ荷重2.8t)を使用してモルタル 吹き付け台車に供給するものであり、生コンバケ ットの玉掛けには「専用のつり具」を使用して いた。
災害発生当日、午前8時30分朝礼において作業指示を受けた後、被災者は1人で生コン運搬の 作業についた。2時間位作業を続け、5回ほど繰り返し運搬を行った10時30分頃、被災者がクレー ンを床上運転してモルタル吹き付け台車付近まできたとき、生コンバケットが「専用のつり具」のフックから外れて落下し、被災者の胸部を直撃した。

近くでセメント板成形作業を行っていた同僚がかけつけて救助し、病院へ輸送したが死亡したも のである。
なお、使用していた「専用のつり具」はフック の外れ止め装置のバネが折れていて、有効に作動しない状態になっていた。

原因

この災害の原因としては、次のようなことが考えられる。

1.フックの外れ止め装置が有効に作動しなかっ たこと。
「専用のつり具」のフックの外れ止め装置の パネが折れていて、外れ止め装置の作動ができ ない状態であった。

2.生コンバケットが揺れやすい上体であったこと。生コンバケットはその形状か振れ易く、一度荷振れが起きると、モルタルの振動により振れが大きくなり止めるのが困難となること。

3.外れ止め装置の点検が未実施であった。

4.運転を停止するとき、位置を確認するためぺ ンダントスイッチを操作しながらバケットに近づいたこと。

5.安全管理体制が確立していないこと。

6.クレーンの運転業務に係る特別教育を実施し ていないこと。

対策

この災害は、ガラス繊維強化セメント板製造工場において、モルタルが入った生コンク リートバケットを床上操作式クレーンで運搬中、生コンバケットがフックから外れて落下し、クレー ン運転者に当たり、運転者が死亡したものであるが、同種災害防止のためには、次のような対策の徹底が必要である。

1.玉掛け作業を行う際は、異常のあるつり具を 使用させないこと。
フック、ワイヤロープ、つりチェン、専用のつり具等について、作業前に点検し異常があれば使用してはならない。

2. 荷振れし易い生コンバケット等について取扱い方法等の基準を定め周知させること。
生コンバケットのように形状からみても荷振れし易いものをクレーンで運搬する場合には、運転方法、玉掛け方法、玉掛け用具等について荷に適した基準を作り関係者に周知する。

3.始業点検で外れ止め装置の点検をさせること

4.クレーン作業には合図者を定めて配置すること

5.安全管理体制を確立すること。

6.クレーン運転者特別教育を奕施すること。
(転載:クレーン誌2014年9月号)

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